paper: Woodruff, M. C., Ramonell, R. P., Nguyen, D. C., Cashman, K. S., Saini, A. S., Haddad, N. S., ... & Sanz, I. (2020). Extrafollicular B cell responses correlate with neutralizing antibodies and morbidity in COVID-19. Nature immunology, 21(12), 1506-1516.
contributor: Matthew C. Woodruff
contributor_organization: Emory University
contributor_email: mcwoodr@emory.edu
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- description: Patients with severe/critical COVID-19 show a robust activation of the extrafollicular B cell pathway – similar to responses seen in active and flaring autoimmune disease.
- exact_source: Extrafollicular response signatures in COVID-19, and their comparison to patients with active lupus, are best highlighted in figures 3 and 4 (https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-020-00814-z#Fig3, https://www.nature.com/articles/s41590-020-00814-z#Fig4)
- tissue: PBMC; B cell, CD19-positive
- immune_exposure: COVID-19 infection
- cohort: ICU patients. Ages 34-81. Clinical data presented in Data Table 2 (https://static-content.springer.com/esm/art%3A10.1038%2Fs41590-020-00814-z/MediaObjects/41590_2020_814_MOESM1_ESM.pdf)
- comparison: ICU patients (severe/critical) versus outpatients (mild/moderate), active lupus patients, and healthy controls
- repository_id: Flow data – (http://flowrepository.org/id/FR-FCM-Z2XF)
- platform: NA
- response_components: NA
- response_behavior: Antibody secreting cells up, DN2 B cells up, DN3 B cells up, Activated Naive B cells up